1. The arrangement and configuration of pawns on the board

1. Larger number of pawns on one side of the board

2. Advancing a pawn to a higher-ranking piece

2. Advance of a group of closely spaced pawns

3. Pawn with no friendly pawns on adjacent files

4. Pawn that is defended by another pawn

5. Special pawn capture move

6. Pawn placed on the queen's file

7. Two pawns of the same color on adjacent files

8. Pawn that has no opposing pawns to block its path

9. To protect a piece or square from capture

10. Pawn that has reached the opponent's last rank

11. Pawn left behind by its comrades